Parental attitudes to genetic testing differ by ethnicity and immigration in childhood nephrotic syndrome: a cross-sectional study

Table 2 Odds of higher interest in genetic testing by socio-demographic and clinical factors among 320 INSIGHT participants

	Parental interest in genetic testing
	Unadjusted		Adjusted model 1		Adjusted model 2
	OR	[95 % CI]	OR	[95 % CI]	OR	[95 % CI]
Parent age (per 5 years)	1.31*	[1.05–1.60]	1.30	[0.92–1.84]	1.29	[0.93–1.79]
Parent education level
Primary/high school	ref	–	ref	–	ref	–
University/graduate	1.24	[0.64–2.42]	1.19	[0.54–2.60]	1.02	[0.47–2.20]
Parent self-reported ethnicity
European	ref	–	ref	–
South Asian	0.27*	[0.12–0.59]	0.32*	[0.13–0.82]
East/Southeast Asian	0.27*	[0.09–0.79]	0.22*	[0.07–0.72]
Other^a	1.22	[0.36–4.06]	1.81	[0.35–9.22]
Parent immigration status
Born in Canada	ref	–			ref	–
Born outside of Canada	0.23**	[0.11–0.52]			0.34*	[0.14–0.83]
Language spoken at home
English	ref	–
English and other language	0.38	[0.14–1.06]
Other language only	0.38*	[0.19–0.74]
Duration of time in Canada
>10 years	ref	–
≤10 years	0.58	[0.27–1.23]
Female child	1.12	[0.59–2.11]
Child age (per year)	1.07*	[1.01–1.14]	1.01	[0.92–1.11]	1.02	[0.93–1.12]
Family history of kidney disease	1.66	[0.81–3.40]
Family history of CVD^b, diabetes, or hypertension	1.94	[0.93–4.06]
Initial steroid resistance	0.71	[0.23–2.23]

Age is calculated at time of questionnaire completion. Model 1—parent ethnicity adjusted for parent age and education level, child age and sex, initial steroid resistance, and duration of time in Canada. Model 2—parent immigration status adjusted for parent age and education level, child age and sex, initial steroid resistance, and duration of time in Canada
*p ≤ 0.05; **p < 0.001
^aOther includes Middle Eastern, West Indian/Caribbean and African, Mexican/South and Central American, Aboriginal, and Multi-ethnic
^bCardiovascular disease

ISSN: 2054-3581