Serum creatinine
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Calibration of measure according to IDMS standard
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Optimal measurement using enzymatic assay [15]
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Comparison across laboratories or measurement techniques [16]
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Relevancy of e-alert systems using estimated baseline creatinine
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If previous creatinine available, chosen definition of baseline creatinine
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Management of outliers measures
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Significance of small changes in serum creatinine in patients with low weight/body surface or with pre-existing CKD
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Performance of e-alert system in unselected population of patients.
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Management of multiple alert in a same patient
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Influence of fluid balance/dilution [17].
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Urine output
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Difference in measurement according to setting (ICU vs. Ward, Specificity of paediatric units, rate of Foley catheter use).
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Management of missing data
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Errors in reading [8]
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Errors related to manual entry of urinary output
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Differences related to measurement (hourly vs. by shift vs. daily)
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Recognition of the lack of specificity of oliguria [18–20]
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Cross-tabulation between serum creatinine and UO
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