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Table 1 Comparison of León health and demographic surveillance system and participant data

From: A population-based study of prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease in León, Nicaragua

Indicator

León health and demographic surveillance system*

Participants

 
 

N

%

N §

%

p-value

Total

32,591

 

2493

  

Geographic zone

     

  Urban

23,392

71.8

1585

63.7

<.0001

  Rural

9,199

28.2

903

36.3

 

Neighborhood

     

  Perla

13,650

41.9

975

39.8

0.0401

  Mantica

9,240

28.4

668

27.2

0.2399

  Sutiava

9,701

29.8

809

33.0

0.0008

Education

     

  No schooling

3,649

11.2

251

10.2

0.127

  Primary

11,811

36.2

1020

41.6

<.0001

  Secondary

12,035

36.9

728

29.7

<.0001

  University/Professional

4,933

15.1

451

18.4

<.0001

Poverty index**

     

  Not poor

21,387

65.6

1207

54.7

<.0001

  Poor

10,263

31.5

935

42.4

<.0001

  Extremely poor

941

2.9

63

2.9

0.9347

Age

     

  18-29

13,594

41.7

595

24.3

<.0001

  30-39

7,154

22.0

781

31.8

<.0001

  40-49

5,727

17.6

489

19.9

0.0031

  50-59

3,736

11.5

361

14.7

<.0001

  60-70

2,380

7.3

227

9.3

0.0004

Sex

     

  Male

15,214

46.7

1054

42.4

<.0001

  Female

17,377

53.3

1434

57.6

 
  1. *Surveillance system data among residents aged 18–70.
  2. §Numbers within each variable do not sum to the total because of missing values and percentages were calculated based on available data for each variable. Percent missing GFR data for each variable is presented in Table 3.
  3. Mantel-Haenszel Chi-Square test for homogeneity of proportions.
  4. **Missing poverty data for participants from rural Sutiava (N = 247).